How to Read Xml File in R
Reading Data From TXT|CSV Files: R Base Functions
- Preleminary tasks
- R base functions for importing data
- Reading a local file
- Reading a file from internet
- Summary
- Related articles
- Infos
Previously, we described the essentials of R programming and some all-time practices for preparing your data.
In this article, y'all'll learn how to import data from .txt (tab-separated values) and .csv (comma-separated values) file formats into R.
R base functions for importing data
The R base function read.table() is a general function that can be used to read a file in table format. The data will be imported as a data frame.
Note that, depending on the format of your file, several variants of read.table() are available to make your life easier, including read.csv(), read.csv2(), read.delim() and read.delim2().
- read.csv(): for reading "comma separated value" files (".csv").
- read.csv2(): variant used in countries that use a comma "," every bit decimal betoken and a semicolon ";" every bit field separators.
- read.delim(): for reading "tab-separated value" files (".txt"). By default, betoken (".") is used as decimal points.
- read.delim2(): for reading "tab-separated value" files (".txt"). By default, comma (",") is used as decimal points.
The simplified format of these functions are, equally follow:
# Read tabular data into R read.tabular array(file, header = FALSE, sep = "", dec = ".") # Read "comma separated value" files (".csv") read.csv(file, header = TRUE, sep = ",", dec = ".", ...) # Or use read.csv2: variant used in countries that # employ a comma as decimal point and a semicolon as field separator. read.csv2(file, header = TRUE, sep = ";", december = ",", ...) # Read TAB delimited files read.delim(file, header = True, sep = "\t", december = ".", ...) read.delim2(file, header = TRUE, sep = "\t", dec = ",", ...) - file: the path to the file containing the data to be imported into R.
- sep: the field separator character. "\t" is used for tab-delimited file.
- header: logical value. If TRUE, read.table() assumes that your file has a header row, and so row 1 is the proper name of each column. If that'southward not the case, you can add together the argument header = FALSE.
- dec: the grapheme used in the file for decimal points.
Reading a local file
- To import a local .txt or a .csv file, the syntax would exist:
# Read a txt file, named "mtcars.txt" my_data <- read.delim("mtcars.txt") # Read a csv file, named "mtcars.csv" my_data <- read.csv("mtcars.csv") The above R code, assumes that the file "mtcars.txt" or "mtcars.csv" is in your current working directory. To know your current working directory, type the function getwd() in R panel.
- It'due south also possible to cull a file interactively using the part file.choose(), which I recommend if y'all're a beginner in R programming:
# Read a txt file my_data <- read.delim(file.choose()) # Read a csv file my_data <- read.csv(file.choose()) If you utilize the R lawmaking above in RStudio, you will exist asked to cull a file.
If your information contains column with text, R may assume that columns equally a factors or group variables (e.g.: "good", "expert", "bad", "bad", "bad"). If you don't want your text data to exist converted as factors, add stringsAsFactor = FALSE in read.delim(), read.csv() and read.tabular array() functions. In this case, the data frame columns corresponding to cord in your text file will be graphic symbol.
For case:
my_data <- read.delim(file.choose(), stringsAsFactor = FALSE) - If your field separator is for example "|", it'due south possible utilise the general function read.table() with additional arguments:
my_data <- read.table(file.choose(), sep ="|", header = TRUE, dec =".") Reading a file from internet
It's possible to utilise the functions read.delim(), read.csv() and read.tabular array() to import files from the web.
my_data <- read.delim("http://www.sthda.com/upload/boxplot_format.txt") head(my_data) Nom variable Group one IND1 10 A 2 IND2 7 A 3 IND3 xx A 4 IND4 xiv A five IND5 14 A half dozen IND6 12 A Summary
-
Import a local .txt file: read.delim(file.choose())
-
Import a local .csv file: read.csv(file.choose())
- Import a file from internet: read.delim(url) if a txt file or read.csv(url) if a csv file
Infos
This analysis has been performed using R (ver. 3.two.3).
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Source: http://www.sthda.com/english/wiki/reading-data-from-txt-csv-files-r-base-functions
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